Hepatitis B

Treatment

There is no known cure for Hepatitis B. Patients with acute hepatitis leading to liver failure will need liver transplantation. Those chronically-infected can be treated using combination therapy of interferon Alfa or Lamivudine. These drugs will not cure Hepatitis B but they can markedly slow down its development as well as decrease the chance of liver disease.

Prevention

This is the only virus induced disease which has complete prevention by vaccination. Hepatitis B can be completely prevented by getting a hepatitis B vaccine. Hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) provides temporary (i.e., 3–6 months) protection from HBV infection and is typically used as post exposure prophylaxis (after exposure to HBV especially medical personnel) either as an adjunct to hepatitis B vaccination in previously unvaccinated persons or alone in persons who have not responded to vaccination.

To prevent contraction of Hepatitis B abstain from sex with infected partners, and especially avoid anal sex. A faithful monogamous relationship. Though condoms have not been proven to safeguard against Hepatitis B or other STDs, their proper use may reduce the risk of infection. Avoid sharing razors, toothbrushes, and other personal items. Health or medical worker should follow the proper safety procedures when handling potentially infectious materials.

Special consideration should be given to pregnant women. All women receiving treatment of STD who are negative for HBV should receive vaccination. HIV infection can impair the response to hepatitis B vaccination. Patients with HIV should be checked for HBV antibody titer after 3 doses of vaccination and if negative, they should repeat the course with regular or higher doses.

During the sessions of sex therapy it is a good idea to inform patients about the some of the complications of STD which may lead to sexual dysfunctions. A suggestion of mutual faithful monogamous relationship may take care of several of the problems.

Complications

Acute and chronic hepatitis, liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, liver cancer and death.

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